|
S.No
|
Scientific Instruments
|
Measures / Used for / in
|
Inventors
|
|
1
|
Alcoholmeter
|
Alcoholic strength of liquids
|
Robert Frank Borkenstein
|
|
2
|
Altimeter
|
altitudes used in aircrafts
|
Louis Paul Cailletet
|
|
3
|
Ammeter
|
electric current
|
Friedrich Drexler
|
|
4
|
Anemometer
|
Speed, direction and pressure of the wind.
|
Leon Battista Alberti
|
|
5
|
Audiometer
|
Intensity of sound
|
Georg von Bekesy
|
|
6
|
Barograph
|
Continuous recording of atmospheric pressure
|
Frenchman Lucien Vidi
|
|
7
|
Barometer
|
Atmospheric pressure and conditions.
|
Evangelista Torricelli
|
|
8
|
Binoculars
|
An optical instrument used for magnified view of distant objects.
|
J. P. Lemiere
|
|
9
|
Bolometer
|
Infra red /Heat radiation.
|
Samuel Pierpont Langley
|
|
10
|
Callipers
|
Diameters of thin cylinder/wire.
|
Pierre Vernier
|
|
11
|
Calorimeter
|
Quantity of heat
|
Antoine Lavoisier and Pierre-Simon
|
|
12
|
Carburettor
|
Charging air with petrol vapours in an internal combustion engine.
|
Carburetor invented by Samuel Morey.
|
|
13
|
Cardiogram(ECG)
|
Traces movements of the heart , recorded on a Cardiograph
|
Willem Einthoven
|
|
14
|
Cathetometer
|
Heights and levels
|
P. Dulong and A. Petit
|
|
15
|
Chronometer
|
Longitude of a vessel at sea.
|
John Harrison
|
|
16
|
Cinematograph
|
Projects pictures on the screen.
|
Auguste Lumiere
|
|
17
|
Colorimeter
|
Compares intensity of colours
|
John T. Stock
|
|
18
|
Commutator
|
Generators to reverse the direction of electric current.
|
British scientist William Sturgeon
|
|
19
|
Crescograph
|
Growth in plants.
|
Jagadish Chandra Bose
|
|
20
|
Cryometer
|
Low temperature.
|
|
|
21
|
Cyclotron
|
Used for accelerating charged particles in microwave oscillator
|
Ernest Lawrence
|
|
22
|
Dilatometer
|
Change in volume of substances
|
Abbe and Fizeau in the second half of 19th century
|
|
23
|
Dynamo
|
Coverts mechanical energy into electrical energy
|
Michael Faraday
|
|
24
|
Electrometer
|
very small but potential difference in electric currents
|
William Snow Harris
|
|
25
|
Electrometer
|
Electrical potential difference.
|
William Thomson
|
|
26
|
Electroscope
|
Detects presence of an electric Charge
|
William Gilbert
|
|
27
|
Electron microscope
|
Used to obtain a magnifying view of very small objects.
|
Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska
|
|
28
|
Endoscope
|
To examine internal parts of the body
|
Bozzini
|
|
29
|
Fathometer
|
Depth of ocean
|
Herbert Grove Dorsey
|
|
30
|
Fluxmeter
|
Magnetic flux
|
Muller Martin
|
|
31
|
Galvanometer
|
electric current
|
Johann Schweigger
|
|
32
|
Gramophone
|
Used to reproducing recorded sound.
|
Edouard Leon Scott de Martinville
|
|
33
|
Hydrometer
|
Relative density of liquids
|
William Nicholson
|
|
34
|
Hydrophone
|
sound under water
|
Reginald Fessenden
|
|
35
|
Hygrometer
|
Moisture content or the humidity of air or any gas.
|
Horace Benedict de Saussure
|
|
36
|
Hygroscope
|
Shows the changes in atmospheric humidity
|
Robert Hooke
|
|
37
|
Hypsometer
|
Boiling point of liquids.
|
Wayne R Norman
|
|
38
|
Lactometer
|
Relative density of milk.
|
Mr. Dicas
|
|
39
|
Machmeter
|
Speed of an aircraft relative to the speed of sound
|
Angst Walter
|
|
40
|
Manometer
|
Compares magnetic movement and fields
|
Otton von Guerick
|
|
41
|
Manometer
|
Atmospheric pressure
|
|
|
42
|
Micrometer
|
Coverts sound waves into electrical vibration
|
William Gascoigne
|
|
43
|
Microphone
|
Converts sound waves into electrical signals.
|
Emile Berliner
|
|
44
|
Microscope
|
Obtain a magnified view of small objects
|
Zacharias Janssen
|
|
45
|
Nephetometer
|
Scattering of light by particles suspended in a liquid
|
Theodore William Richards
|
|
46
|
Odometer
|
An instrument attached to the wheel of a vehicle, to measure the distance
travelled.
|
Benjamin Franklin
|
|
47
|
Ohmmeter
|
Electrical resistance of objects
|
Osvold Robert Harold
|
|
48
|
Ondometer
|
Frequency of electromagnetic / radio waves
|
Thomas
|
|
49
|
Optometer
|
Testing the refractive power of the eye.
|
Dr Jules Badal
|
|
50
|
Otoscope
|
Visual examination of the eardrum.
|
E. Seigle
|
|
51
|
Periscope
|
View objects above sea level in submarines.
|
Hippolyte Marié-Davy
|
|
52
|
Phonograph
|
Reproducing sound.
|
Thomas Edison
|
|
53
|
Photometer
|
Compares the luminous intensity of the two sources of light
|
Dmitry Lachinov
|
|
54
|
Polygraph
|
Used as lie detector by knowing the changes in heartbeat, blood pressure &
the respiration e.t.c
|
William Moulton Marston
|
|
55
|
Pyrheliometer
|
Solar radiation.
|
C. G. ABBOTT
|
|
56
|
Pyrometer
|
Very high temperature.
|
Josiah Wedgwood
|
|
57
|
Quadrant
|
Altitudes and angles in navigation and astronomy
|
John Hadley
|
|
58
|
Radar
|
Radio, Detection and Ranging.
|
Heinrich Hertz
|
|
59
|
Rain Gauge
|
Rainfall.
|
King Sejong the Great
|
|
60
|
Refractometer
|
Refractive Index of a substance.
|
Carl Zeiss
|
|
61
|
Sextant
|
Angular distance between two objects.
|
John Campbell
|
|
62
|
Siesmograph
|
Used for recording the intensity and origin of earthquakes shocks.
|
John Milne
|
|
63
|
Spectroscope
|
Spectrum analysis.
|
Robert Wilhelm Bunsen
|
|
64
|
Speedometer
|
Speed of the vehicle.
|
Croatian Josip Belusic
|
|
65
|
Spherometer
|
Curvature of spherical objects.
|
Robert Aglae Cauchoix
|
|
66
|
Sphygmomanometer
|
Measures blood pressure.
|
Samuel Siegfried Karl Ritter von Basch
|
|
67
|
Stethoscope
|
Used for hearing and analysing the sound of Heart.
|
René Laennec
|
|
68
|
Tachometer
|
Speed, especially the rotational speed of a shaft(rpm)
|
James W. Allen
|
|
69
|
Tangent galvanometer
|
Amount of direct current
|
Andre Marie Ampere
|
|
70
|
Telemeter
|
Records physical happenings at a distant place(space)
|
C. Michalke
|
|
71
|
Telescope
|
Used for magnified view of distant objects.
|
Hans Lippershey
|
|
72
|
Thermometer
|
Temperature
|
Galileo Galilei
|
|
73
|
Thermostat
|
Automatically regulates temperatures at a constant point.
|
Warren S. Johnson
|
|
74
|
Tonometer
|
Pitch of a sound
|
John Austin
|
|
75
|
Transformer
|
An apparatus used for converting high voltage to low and vice-versa
without change in its frequency.
|
Otto Blathy
|
|
76
|
Transponder
|
To receive a signal and transmit a reply immediately in satellites.
|
Charles M Redman
|
|
77
|
Venturimeter
|
Rate of flow of liquids
|
Clemens Herschel
|
|
78
|
Vernier
|
Small sub-division of scale.
|
Pierre Vernier
|
|
79
|
Viscometer
|
Measures Viscosity of liquid.
|
Edward H Zeitfuchs
|
|
80
|
Voltmeter
|
Electric potential difference between two points
|
Andrew Kay
|
|
81
|
Wattmeter
|
To measure electric power
|
Otto Blathy
|
|
82
|
Wavemeter
|
To measure the wavelength of a radiowave(high frequency waves)
|
Paul D Zottu
|