General Knowledge / Nutrient Sources List and their Deficiency diseases
Nutrient
It is substance that is absorbed and provides energy, enables growth and
repairsthe body.
Nutrients Classes: carbohydrates, proteins, fats,
vitamins, minerals, fibre and water.
Nutrients Excess and deficiencies causes problems in the body.
Nutrient Sources List and their Deficiency diseases
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Nutrients
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Deficiency
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Excess
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Food Energy
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lower physical and mental abilities; starvation, marasmus
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obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease
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Simple carbohydrates
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None
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diabetes mellitus, obesity
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Complex carbohydrates
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None
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obesity
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Saturated fat
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low sex hormone levels
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cardiovascular disease
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Trans fat
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none
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cardiovascular disease
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Unsaturated fat
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none
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obesity
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Fat
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during development: stunted brain development and reduced brain weight;
neurodegenerative diseases; malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins, rabbit
starvation (if protein intake is high),
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cardiovascular disease
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Omega-3 fats
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cardiovascular disease
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bleeding, hemorrhages
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Omega-6 fats
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none
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cardiovascular disease, cancer
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Cholesterol
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during development: deficiencies in myelinization of the brain;
demyelination of the brain and neurodegenerative diseases (multiple sclerosis,
Alzheimer)
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cardiovascular disease
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Protein
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kwashiorkor
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Sodium
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hyponatremia
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hypernatremia, hypertension
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Iron
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anemia
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cirrhosis, cardiovascular disease
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Iodine
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goiter, hypothyroidism
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Iodine toxicity (goiter, hypothyroidism)
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Vitamin A
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xerophthalmia and night blindness, low testosterone levels
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hypervitaminosis A (cirrhosis, hair loss)
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Vitamin B1
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beriberi
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|
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Vitamin B2
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cracking of skin and corneal unclearation
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|
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Niacin
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pellagra
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dyspepsia, cardiac arrhythmias, birth defects
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Vitamin B12
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pernicious anemia
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|
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Vitamin C
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scurvy
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diarrhea causing dehydration
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Vitamin D
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rickets, osteoporosis, balance, immune system, inflammation
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hypervitaminosis D (dehydration, vomiting, constipation)
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Vitamin E
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nervous disorders
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hypervitaminosis E (anticoagulant: excessive bleeding)
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Vitamin K
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hemorrhage
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Calcium
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osteoporosis, tetany, carpopedal spasm, laryngospasm, cardiac arrhythmias
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fatigue, depression, confusion, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, pancreatitis, increased
urination
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Magnesium
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hypertension
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weakness, nausea, vomiting, impaired breathing, and hypotension
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Potassium
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hypokalemia, cardiac arrhythmias
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hyperkalemia, palpitations
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Nutrients
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Consists of
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Vitamin A
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Retinol, Retinoic Acid, Beta-Carotene
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Vitamin B1
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Thiamine
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Vitamin B2
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Riboflavin
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Vitamin B3
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Niacin or Nicotinic Acid
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Vitamin B5
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Pantothenic Acid
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Vitamin B6
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Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal, Pyridoxamine
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Vitamin B7
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Biotin
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Vitamin B9
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Folic Acid
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Vitamin B12
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Various Cobalamins
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Vitamin C
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L-Ascorbic Acid
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Vitamin D
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Calciferol (D2) & Cholecalciferol (D3)
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Vitamin E
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Tochopherols & Tocotrienols
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Essential Fatty Acids
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Omega 3 (Alpha Linolenic Acid) and Omega 6 (Linolenic Acid)
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Vitamin K
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Phylloquinone (K1), Menaquinone (K2)
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